英语播客初级版 第143期(外教讲解):关于死刑

Professor: That’s all for today’s class. We will continue our lecture on crime and punishment tomorrow.

A: Do you think we should be tougher on crime?

B: Well, it depends on what you mean.

A:For example, we could bring back the death penalty for murder, give longer prison sentences for lesser offences and lock up juvenile offenders.

B: Those really sound like Draconian measures. Firstly, what do you do about miscarriages of justice if you’ve already put innocent people to death?

A:You’d only use capital punishment if you were absolutely sure that you’d convicted the right person.

B: But, there’ve been many cases of wrongful conviction where people have been imprisoned for many years. The authorities were sure at the time, but later it was shown that the evidence was unreliable. In some cases, it’d been fabricated by the police.

A: Well, no system of justice can be perfect, but surely there’s a good case for longer prison sentences to deter serious crime.

B:I doubt whether they could act as an effective deterrent while the detection rate is so low. The best way to prevent crime is to convince people who commit it that they’re going to be caught. It doesn’t make sense to divert all your resources into the prison system.

A: But if you detect more crimes, you’ll still need prisons. In my reckoning, if we could lock up more juvenile criminals, they’d learn that they couldn’t get away with it. Soft sentences will merely encourage them to do it again.

B: Yes, but remember that prisons are often schools for criminals. To remove crime from society, you really have to tackle its causes.

A: Well, if I were president, I would impose tougher laws and punishment. I would have a peaceful society based on fear of punishment, not consciousness of doing the right thing.

B: You sound like a dictator!

A: Well if it works, why not?

【文章大意】对话围绕该如何对犯罪刑罚而进行。A认为应该用严厉的刑法来威慑犯罪的人，比如对谋杀罪判以死刑，延长监禁时间等。B认为，如果那样做，一旦有误判，将会造成难以挽回的后果。

death penalty n. 死刑

prison sentence监禁刑罚

His prison sentence has been remitted.

他的监禁刑罚已获得赦免.

juvenile offender 未成年的罪犯

Draconian a. 严酷的，严格的

miscarriage of justice误判

capital punishment 死刑

fabricate vt. 捏造，伪造

They fabricated evidence and threatened witnesses.

他们伪造证据并威胁目击者。

deterrent n. 威慑力量(或因素)

divert vt. 转向;转移

A ditch diverted water from the stream into the fields.

一条沟渠把水从河里引向田间。

dictator n. 独裁者

【拓展词汇】

diversion n.转移，转向

authoritarian adj. 专制的;独裁的

divisive topic 造成纠纷的争论

recidivist n. 惯犯

rehabilitate vt.改造